Galaxy Frog Endangered by Photographers' Habitat Disturbance in Kerala
The galaxy frog Melanobatrachus indicus, a fingertip-sized amphibian and the only species in its family, inhabits the under-logs microhabitat of Kerala's Western Ghats rainforest. This endangered species is known for its star-like spots, believed to serve as a communication method rather than a poisonous defense.
In 2020, researcher Rajkumar K P located seven individuals of the species, but after Covid-related restrictions eased, the frogs vanished from the area. Observers and trackers report multiple groups of photographers visiting the site, who have allegedly trespassed, overturned logs, trampled vegetation, and handled frogs without gloves. This disturbance has harmed the frogs' delicate skin and microhabitat, resulting in the death of two individuals on occasions when photographers captured several frogs for photos.
Attempts by the forest department to prevent such destructive behavior have reportedly been undermined by higher officials or politicians who facilitate access to the frogs for photography purposes. Experts from the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) issue warnings that the galaxy frog represents an ancient and irreplaceable lineage, urging ethical conduct to protect these frogs and ensure their survival for millions more years.
